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Loops in Java

In programming languages, loops are used to execute a set of instructions/functions repeatedly when some conditions become true. There are three types of loops in Java.

Loops in Java

Java For Loop vs While Loop vs Do While Loop

Comparison for loop while loop do while loop
Introduction The Java for loop is a control flow statement that iterates a part of the programs multiple times. The Java while loop is a control flow statement that executes a part of the programs repeatedly on the basis of given boolean condition. The Java do while loop is a control flow statement that executes a part of the programs at least once and the further execution depends upon the given boolean condition.
When to use If the number of iteration is fixed, it is recommended to use for loop. If the number of iteration is not fixed, it is recommended to use while loop. If the number of iteration is not fixed and you must have to execute the loop at least once, it is recommended to use the do-while loop.
Syntax 
for(init;condition;incr/decr){  
// code to be executed 
}

while(condition){  
//code to be executed 
}

do{  
//code to be executed  
}while(condition);
Example 
//for loop  
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){  
System.out.println(i);  
}  

//while loop  
int i=1;  
while(i<=10){  
System.out.println(i);  
i++;  
}  

//do-while loop  
int i=1;  
do{  
System.out.println(i);  
i++;  
}while(i<=10);
Syntax for infinitive loop 
for(;;){  
//code to be executed  
}

while(true){  
//code to be executed  
}

do{  
//code to be executed  
}while(true);

Java For Loop

The Java for loop is used to iterate a part of the program several times. If the number of iteration is fixed, it is recommended to use for loop.

There are three types of for loops in java.

  • Simple For Loop
  • For-each or Enhanced For Loop
  • Labeled For Loop

Java Simple For Loop

A simple for loop is the same as C/C++. We can initialize the variable, check condition and increment/decrement value. It consists of four parts:

  1. Initialization: It is the initial condition which is executed once when the loop starts. Here, we can initialize the variable, or we can use an already initialized variable. It is an optional condition.
  2. Condition: It is the second condition which is executed each time to test the condition of the loop. It continues execution until the condition is false. It must return boolean value either true or false. It is an optional condition.
  3. Statement: The statement of the loop is executed each time until the second condition is false.
  4. Increment/Decrement: It increments or decrements the variable value. It is an optional condition.

Syntax:

Flowchart:

for loop in java flowchart

Example:

Test it Now

Output:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Java Nested For Loop

If we have a for loop inside the another loop, it is known as nested for loop. The inner loop executes completely whenever outer loop executes.

Example:

Output:

1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
2 2
2 3
3 1
3 2
3 3

Pyramid Example 1:

Output:

* 
* * 
* * * 
* * * * 
* * * * *

Pyramid Example 2:

Output:

* * * * * * 
* * * * * 
* * * * 
* * * 
* * 
*

Java for-each Loop

The for-each loop is used to traverse array or collection in java. It is easier to use than simple for loop because we don't need to increment value and use subscript notation.

It works on elements basis not index. It returns element one by one in the defined variable.

Syntax:

Example:

Test it Now

Output:

12
23
44
56
78

Java Labeled For Loop

We can have a name of each Java for loop. To do so, we use label before the for loop. It is useful if we have nested for loop so that we can break/continue specific for loop.

Usually, break and continue keywords breaks/continues the innermost for loop only.

Syntax:

Example:

Output:

1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1

If you use break bb;, it will break inner loop only which is the default behavior of any loop.

Output:

1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
3 1
3 2
3 3

Java Infinitive For Loop

If you use two semicolons ;; in the for loop, it will be infinitive for loop.

Syntax:

Example:

Output:

infinitive loop
infinitive loop
infinitive loop
infinitive loop
infinitive loop
ctrl+c

Now, you need to press ctrl+c to exit from the program.

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